Among LEAD's suggested reading material for this newsletter is:
This follow up volume to the FAO's 1995 global study 'World agriculture: towards 2010' offers updated projections on the world's food supplies, nutrition and agriculture, and summarises current areas of concern and potential. Projections are made for all the major commodity crops, for livestock production and consumption, and for forestry and fisheries. Agricultural trade is expected to play a bigger role in securing the future food needs of developing countries; cereal imports by the developing world, for example, are expected to triple over the next 30 years; meat imports are likely to increase at an even faster rate. In terms of commodity exports, resource-rich but otherwise poor countries may, depending on trade negotiations, have greater development opportunities through export-oriented agriculture, but resource-poor countries are likely to face higher prices for imports, and lack the capacity to increase their domestic production. Other areas of discussion include the likely role of agriculture in poverty alleviation and economic development, developments in agricultural technology, including organic and bio-technology, the impact of climate change, and competition between agricultural and environmental interests. Essentially a reference book for agricultural organisations and ministries.
Large-scale expansion of factory farming into developing countries such as Mexico, India, China, and the Philippines is bringing unanticipated dangers to environmental and human health. While increasing the production of meat, these mass-producing facilities threaten the survival of indigenous livestock and are contributing to groundwater pollution, the spread of food-borne illnesses, and antibiotic resistance.
Organic farming is fast emerging as an alternative for the sustainable agricultural development globally. Organic farming systems are knowledge intensive contrary to the input intensive conventional production systems which are now being increasingly considered detrimental to the environment, soil, human and animal health. Organic food sales have registered impressive growth in recent times. This obviously has generated a demand for information on organic farming in general and livestock production in particular especially in developing countries which find a great opportunity in this sector primarily for exports. However, such information is not readily available in developing countries. Realizing this vacuum, a National Workshop on Organic Animal Husbandry (OAH) Standards was organized at Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) during November 26-27, 2002 with twin objectives (i) To sensitize various stakeholders on OAH standards, and (ii) To review the standards for OAH especially the Developing Countries.
This CD-ROM contains detailed information and literature about Conservation Agriculture to improve the knowledge base of those interested in this concept of sustainable agriculture. It will provide technical staff as well as policy- and decision- makers with information and arguments that will help to support, promote and introduce Conservation Agriculture.
Livestock Geography: New Perspectives on Global Resources includes a copy of the Livestock Atlas Website and a summary report entitled: Livestock Geography: An Introductory Atlas of Animal Resources which explains the background, objectives and methods developed to map livestock distribution across Africa and Eurasia. This exploratory study was commissioned by FAO and carried out by the Environmental Research Group Oxford Limited and the Animal Health and Production Division, Rome.
In the last century, wildlife conservation and the need to increase production of animal agriculture have been in conflict at times, yet both have financial, biological, social, and even spiritual value for society. This publication addresses the problems of disease in both wildlife and domestic animals and the transmission of disease between the two populations. It examines ways in which we can conserve and manage animals in both sectors for optimal health and production, while preserving ecological communities. Diseases such as tuberculosis, foot and mouth, and rinderpest are discussed. Global disease surveillance, the transmission of diseases between animals and people, and human dependence on healthy livestock and wildlife are also emphasized.
The theme of the book is environmental preservation through the controlled release of undesirable greenhouse gases and the sustainable development of animal agriculture. Technology is discussed for the effective collection of methane generated from anaerobic fermentation of animal effluent and its use as a biomass energy source, as well as the reduced consumption of fossil fuel and increased use of locally available energy sources. Also, promoting environmentally-conscious agriculture independent of chemical fertilizer can be accomplished through effective use of animal manure and compost products.
World Resources 2000-2001 is an evaluation of current conditions in ecosystems that advocates an ecosystem approach and with recommendations on how it can be applied. This analysis is valuable because it compares information already available on a global scale about the condition of five major classes of ecosystems: agroecosystems, coastal areas, forests, freshwater systems, and grasslands. It examines the quantity and quality of outputs, the biological basis for production including soil and water condition, biodiversity, and changes in land use over time. The analysis considers not only marketed products such as food and timber, but a variety of ecosystem goods and services that people rely on but do not buy in the marketplace as well.
Linking Poverty Reduction and Environmental Management focuses on methods to reduce poverty and sustain growth by improving environmental management. It attempts to draw out the ties between poverty and the environment, and to show that sound management of the environment is essential for the elimination of extreme poverty and hunger, the reduction of child mortality, the fight against major diseases and the ensurance of environmental sustainability. The document goes beyond the action that environmental institutions can take and examines opportunities across all sectors.
This paper outlines the technologies and approaches that poultry and livestock producers can employ to decrease the amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus that enter the environment. By lowering the amounts of protein and phosphorus that are fed to poultry and livestock, producers can limit the animals' excretions of nitrogen and phosphorus that may contribute to water and air pollution.
Several developing countries have animal welfare problems regarding livestock handling, transport and slaughter. The humane treatment of animal slaughter is increasing in importance as the demand for meat from developing countries is growing and animals may have been made to suffer excessively. The Guidelines for Humane Handling, Transport and Slaughter of Livestock offers guidance to animal welfare personnel, transport operators, farmers and slaughterhouse management in improving slaughter, livestock productivity and animal welfare. The book also includes a chapter dedicated to the maintenance of good animal welfare standards.
Drylands provides the reader with an analysis of changes on sustainable use of drylands, particularly of those where livestock raising depends on grazing natural vegetation at a time when the world is undergoing great changes. The book offers papers and case studies enhanced with models and tables to present current dryland situations and address the measures taken to reduce rangeland degradation. Drylands is an extension of the four-day workshop on sustainable use of rangelands and desertification control held in Jeddah in November 1996.
The interdisciplinary approach presented in Can Livestock and Wildlife Co-exist? demonstrates how livestock and wildlife can co-exist sustainably in semi-arid rangelands of eastern Africa in spite of demographic pressures, limited natural resources and agricultural expansion. Harmonious co-existence between wildlife and livestock is possible but only in particular conditions under which livestock owners and local communities both receive benefits. The book offers a view on the pastoral-wildlife relationship with recommendations for research and development initiatives on integrated management of livestock and wildlife.
The Livestock and Environment Toolbox contains information (text, photos, tables and maps) which enable the user to explore interactions between livestock and the environment and to identify interventions which enhance the positive and/or mitigate the negative impacts. It was produced by a team of consultants from the Natural Resources Institute (UK), the International Agricultural Centre (The Netherlands), and CIRAD (France), coordinated by Natural Resources International Ltd. (UK), commisssioned by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations on behalf of the steering committee of the Livestock and Environment Initiative, and funded by the European Union.
Farmers, Their Animals and the Environment is available on CD-ROM at no cost in English. This CD compilation of publications and multimedia information deals with several aspects of animal production including: Livestock Production Systems, Animal Genetic Resources, Breeding, Feeds & Nutrition, Pastures & Forages, Livestock & the Environment, Grazing & Range Management, Work Animals, and Health & Diseases. It also contains databases on tropical feedstaff, grasses and legumes. This CD is the product of a collaborative effort between the World Agricultural Information Centre (WAICENT) and the Animal Production and Health Division (AGA) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI).
Simpósio Internacional - Sistemas Agroflorestais Pecuários na América do Sul This CD-ROM contains the procedings of the international workshop on Agroforestry systems in South America that took place in Embrapa on September 18 - 20, 2000. It is available at no cost in Portuguese and includes selected references from the Latin-American network of Livestock in Agroforestry systems, as well as a database on tropical feeds in Spanish. This CD-ROM was produced by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) and Centro para la Investigación de Sistemas Sostenibles de Producción Agropecuaria (CIPAV). |